Glazed structure.



No. 736,968] PATEN'TED AUG. 25, 1903 W. V HIGKERSON.

GLAZED STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 27, 1900.

N0 MODEL.

Suva 14b1 UNITED STATES Patented August 25, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

GLAZED STRUCTURE.,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 736,968, dated August 25, 1903. Application filed December 27, 1900. Serial No.4ll282. (N0 model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM ,V. I-IIoKER- SON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Glazed Structures, which improvements are fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation view illustrating a glazed structure embodying mysaid improvements, the panes of glass thereof being shown in section as on the line a a of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a view representing in plan the parts excepting the cap shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the astragal and cap, showing the glass in position and the cap normally or partially seated upon the glass. Fig. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the terminal bracket which I make use of in connection with the astragal. Fig, 5 is a View similar to Fig. 1, showing a .uniform joint between the panes of glass and an improved form of gutter at such joint for conveying the water. of condensation. Fig. 6 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 3, showing the cap as the same appears when fully seated for service upon the glass.

Similar reference characters denote like parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in glazed structures, such as commonly employed in the construction of skylights, conservatories, and the like.

The object of this invention is to provide a glazed structure which shall be simple, inexpensive, and novel as regards construction,

which shall eiiiciently serve the purposes for which it is designed, and which shall possess certain welldefined advantages over prior analogous structures.

The invention consists in the employment of certain novelly-formed parts, in the novel disposition, and arrangement of the various parts, in certain combinations of the latter, and in certain details of, construction, all of which will be specifically referred to hereinafter and set forth in the appended claims.

Having reference to the accompanying drawings, the astragal which I make use of consists of the longitudinal base 2, vertical.

lips or flanges 2, one extending along each edge of said base, and the longitudinal vertical web 2, located midway between the flanges 2. The base 2, flanges 2, and web 2 are all formed integral by preference. The lips or flanges 2 serve to support the edges of the panes of glass 3, as clearly indicated in Fig. 3. The glass 3 is held to its seat upon the flanges 2 by means of a resilient cap, (denoted as a whole by the numeral 3,) which cap comprises a ridge or crown portion and peculiarly-shaped opposing side portions, depending in a general sense from the ridge or crown of saidcap. Each of said side portions of the cap 3 has a primary seatingline a. along its lowermost edge, and between this point and the crown of said cap each of the said side portions is so shaped near its lowermost edge as to provide a secondary seating line b, which in practice engages the glass 3 between the primary seatingline a and the web 2 and an air -chamher 4.- between said primary and secondary seating-lines, and each of said side portions of the cap 3 is buckled away from the vertical center line of the cap to a point over and beyond the secondary seating-line thereof, so that in practice both the primary and secondary seating-lines a and b of-each of said side portions will firmly engage the glass 3, and this irrespective of the degree of force beyond that required to bring the secondary seating-line 1) into engagement with the glass that. maybe applied to the crown of said cap.

In the practical operation of the cap of my improved structure as here shown the seating-line a under normal conditions primarily engages the glass 3, and thereafter and upon due seating pressure being applied to the crown of said cap the seating-line 19 engages the glass. Though preferred, this is not strictly material, as it is evident that the cap 3 could be readily shaped or adjusted, so that the seating-lines a I) would simultaneously engage the glass 3 under normal conditions.

I am aware of the fact that caps having each a plurality of seating-lines are old in the art; but the side portions thereof are each so shaped between the crown and first seating-line away from the crown thereof that under a seating pressure beyond that requisite to cause the respective seating-lines ofsuch cap to collectively engage the glass one or the other of the seating-lines of the respective side portions thereof will tilt or move upwardly, and thus annul its engagement with the glass and defeat its own pun pose. This is an acknowledged serious defeet in caps of the prior art, and I efiectually overcome the same by outwardly arching or otherwise suitably shaping each of the side portions of the cap of my improved structure between the secondary seating-line and .the crown thereof, such construction resulting, irrespective of the degree of seating pressure applied to said cap beyond that necessary -to cause the respective seating-lines to engage the glass, in holding the seating-lines at all times in close engagement with the glass.

The cap 3' is held in place by bolts 4:, which are dovetailed into the upper edge of the web 2" and project upward through holes in the crown of the cap 3 to receive the nuts 4", which latter when turned homeward on said bolts serve to force the cap 3 to a-full seating engagement with the glass 3, as above indicated.

When the glass is set with lap-joints, as shown in Fig. 1, it is desirable to hold each pane of glass against displacement, one with respect to its neighbor, and with this end in View I provide the Web 2" with a notch 5 and seat in said notch a cross-bar 5, which servesas a stop for the lower edge of the glass to abut against. The cross-bar being merely let into the notch 5 is easily and quickly adjusted and greatly facilitates thework of setting the glass. Further, in lap-joint construction a gutter of any approved form may be used for conveying off the water which collects on the under side of the glass, as indicated at 5".

The foregoing remarks as to gutter for water of condensation apply also where the glass is set with uniform joints, as indicated in Fig. 5 and Fig. 3 by the numeral 6.

Where the glass rests directly upon the lip or flange of the astragal, the condensationwater has an apparent tendency to course along the under side of the glass and downward across the-outer side of the lip, and to obviate this objectionable feature, and, further, to provide a somewhat yielding seat for the glass 3, as may at times be desirable, I interpose between the upper edge of said lip and the glass a gutter 6', which gutter extends along the upper edge of said lip and is here shown as arranged to discharge such condensation-water as may collect therein into the gutter 6 or other suitable receiving derace.

The gutter b" is formed by folding a strip of metal upon itself, thus forming upper and lower members, suitably shaping the folded members to form the gutter proper, and turning the lower member downward substantially at right angles to the upper member, such downturned portion serving to securely engage the lip 2' at the inner side thereof, all as clearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

Another feature of this invention is the terminal bracket for the lower end of the astragal. This is illustrated in Fig. 4:, and consists, essentially, of the base 7, adapted to be secured to the under side of the astragal, the end portion 7 arranged substantially at right angles to said base, and an engaging member 7", extending inward from said end portion, the latter having an opening suitable for the passage of water from one side of said opening to the other.

Where my improved bracket is used in connection with an astragal constructed substantially as herein described, I prefer to provide the end portion 7 with a plurality of engaging members 7 and a plurality of openings, the engaging members being adapted to overlap the base of the astragal, one at each side of the web 2", and the openings in the end portion 7 alining one with each gutter of the astragal.

My improved terminal bracket is by preference wholly of metal and may be formed in any well-known and approved manner, as by casting or stamping, and in the latter event the opening or openings in the end portion 7 may be formed by punching a portion of the metal inward and bending it along its lower edge to form the engaging member 7". In practice the water which courses down either gutter of the astragal freely passes outward through the opening alining with such gutter and the lower pane of glass is retained in position by resting against the end portion 7.

The term seating pressure is employed herein to denote pressure of a degree sufficient to at least cause the seating-lines of the respective cap side portions to engage a plane surface, this pressure being primarily applied to the cap 3 by means of mechanical accessories, and secondarily applied thereto through expansion, due to varying degrees of temperature, of various parts of the general construction in service.

It will be seen that my improved glazed structure is well adapted for the purpose for which it is designed, and, further, that the same may be modified to some extent without material departure from the spirit and principle of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a glazed structure, in combination, an astragal provided with a central web and supporting-flanges, one on each side of said web, for the glass, the central web having a notch, and a cross-bar seated in said notch and serving as a stop for the edgeof the glass, substantially as herein described.

2. In a glazed structure, in combination, an astragal and a terminal bracket therefor, the latter comprising a base adapted to be secured against the under side of the astragal and having an end portion covering the end lIO of the astragal, the said end portion having an opening through which water from the astragal may pass, substantially as herein described.

3. In a glazed structure, in combination, an astragal and a terminal bracket therefor, the latter comprising a base adapted to be secured against the under side of the astragal and having an end portion covering the end of the astragal, said end portion having an opening through which water from the astragal may pass, and having an inwardly-extending engaging member for overlapping the base of the astragal, substantially as herein described.

4. A terminal bracket for use in glazed structures comprising a base, one or more engaging members, and an end portion whereby said engaging members are supported above and substantially parallel with said base.

5. A- cap for use in glazed structures formed from resilient material and comprising a crown and opposingside portions depending from said crown, each of said side portions having a primary seating-line and a secondary seating-line, and each side portion being buckled away from the vertical center line of the cap to a point over and beyond its secondary seating line, whereby the seatinglines of both of said side portions will collectively and permanently engage a plane surface under all degrees of seating pressure applied to the cap.

6. A cap for use in glazed structures formed from resilient material and comprising a crown and opposing side portions depending from said crown, each of said side portions having a primary'seating-line and a secondary seating-line adapted, one to engage a plane surface in advance of the other, and each of said side portions being buckled away from the vertical center line of the cap to a point over and beyond its secondary seatingline, whereby the seating-lines of both of said side portions will collectively and permanently engage a plane surface under all degrees of seating pressure applied to the cap.

7. In aglazed structure, in combination, an astragal panes of glass supported by said astragal; a resilient cap on said glass and comprising a crown and opposing side portions depending therefrom, the said side portions having each a primary seating-line and a secondary seating-line adapted one to engage a plane surface in advance of the other, and each side portion being buckled away from the vertical center line of the cap to a point over and beyond its secondary seating-line, whereby the seating-lines of both of said side portions will collectively and permanently engage a plane surface under all degrees of seating pressure applied to the cap, substantially as herein specified.

8. In a glazed structure,in combination, an astragal panes of glass supported by said astragal; a resilient cap on said glass and comprising a crown and opposing side portions depending therefrom, the said side portions having each a primary seating-line and a secondary seating-line,and each side portion being buckled away from the vertical center line of the cap toa point over and beyond its secondary seating-line, whereby the seatinglines of both of said side portions will collectively and permanently engage a plane surface under all degrees of seating pressure applied to the cap, substantially as herein specified.

9. In aglazed structure, in combination, an astragal consisting of a base, upwardly-extending flanges, one at each side of said base, and a central, upwardly-extending web provided with dovetail recesses at intervals along its upper edge; panes of glass on said flanges; a resilient cap on the glass and comprising a crown and opposing side portions depending therefrom, the said side portions having each a primary seating-line and a secondary seating-line, and each being buckled away from the vertical center line of the cap to a point over and beyond its secondary seating-lines, whereby the seating-lines of both of said side portions will collectively and permanently engage a plane surface under all degrees of seating pressure applied to said cap, the said cap being also provided with openings at its crown, each registering with one of the recesses in said astragal-web; and bolts, each engaging one of said recesses, extending upwardly therefrom through one of said crown-openings, and threaded at its upper end portion to receive a nut whereby a seating pressure may be applied to said cap, substantially as herein specified.

10. A cap for use in glazed structures, comprising a crown and opposing side portions depending from said crown, each of said side portions having a seating-line at its lower portion, and being buckled, midway between its seating-line and said crown, away from the vertical center line of the cap to a point over and beyond its seating-line,substantially as herein specified.

WILLIAM V. HIOKERSON.

Witnesses:

N. M. SCHALKENBAOH, JAG. C. LOWY. 

